Understanding Pet Vaccinations: What Vaccines Does Your Pet Really Need (and When)?

Vaccinating your pet is one of the most important steps you can take to protect their health and well-being. But with so many different vaccines available, it’s no surprise that many pet owners feel confused about what’s essential and when these shots should be given. 

This guide will break down the core vaccines your pet needs, when to get them, and why they matter - so you can make confident, informed choices for your furry friend. 

Core Vaccines for Dogs 

1. Parvovirus 

Highly contagious and potentially deadly, parvovirus attacks a dog’s gastrointestinal system, causing vomiting, diarrhoea, and dehydration. Puppies are especially vulnerable. 

2. Leptospirosis (core in Auckland) 

Spread through water or soil contaminated by rats infected urine, this bacterial infection affects kidneys and the liver - and can also infect humans. 

3. Distemper 

A severe virus that affects a dog’s respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems. Distemper is often fatal and very difficult to treat once symptoms appear. Fortunately, this condition is just about gone from NZ. 

4. Canine Hepatitis (Adenovirus) 

This virus causes liver disease and can lead to fever, abdominal pain, and even sudden death in severe cases. The virus is now virtually eliminated from NZ. 

Vaccination Schedule for Dogs: 

• Puppies: First vaccine at 6–8 weeks, followed by boosters every 3- 4 weeks until >10 weeks old 
• Adults: Annual or triennial boosters depending on vaccine type and lifestyle risk. 
• This can be replaced by a Blood Titre test measuring antibodies to parvo and distemper viruses   

Core Vaccines for Cats 

1. Feline Panleukopenia (Parvovirus) 

Often called "feline distemper," this virus is highly contagious and can be fatal, particularly in kittens. Virtually giving lifelong immunity.  

2. Feline Herpesvirus & Calicivirus 

These cause upper respiratory infections in cats. Symptoms include sneezing, nasal discharge, eye inflammation, and ulcers. 

Vaccination Schedule for Cats: 

• Kittens: First vaccine around 8 weeks old, then boosters every 3 - 4 weeks until >12 weeks 
• Adults: Annual or triennial boosters based on lifestyle and risk eg. cattery stays, vet hospitalisation or outside cat in a well populated neighbourhood. 

Why Timeliness Matters 

Vaccines work by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies before the pet is exposed to the disease. Delaying or skipping vaccinations leaves your pet vulnerable. Puppies and kittens are especially at risk, as their immune systems are still developing and maternal antibodies wear off over time. 

Travel and Kennel Vaccines 

If your pet will be travelling, staying at a kennel, or attending doggy daycare, additional vaccines may be recommended, such as: 

• Kennel Cough (Bordetella bronchiseptica) for dogs 

Always let us know if travel (overseas) or boarding is planned – vaccines (for rabies ) often need to be administered several weeks before. 

Final Word 

Vaccinations are a simple, affordable way to protect your pet from serious illness. They also help prevent the spread of contagious diseases in the wider pet community. 

Is your pet due for a vaccination? Book a health check today - we’ll make sure they’re protected and on the right schedule.